Alexander the Great Outline - 926 Words

Alexander the Great (356 – 323 BCE) A. Early Life 1. The temple of Diana at Ephesus burned down the day Alexander was born, an omen most that meant that the force that would destroy Asia was born. 2. There was/is a rumor about Alexander’s parentage. Shortly before Olympias, Alexander’s mom, announced she was pregnant (with Alexander), King Philip saw her in bed with a snake. Zeus was commonly known to disguise himself as a snake when he slept with mortal women. Therefore, there was/is a possibility that Alexander was only half-mortal, and that he was not Philip’s son. 3. Alexander tamed the horse Bucephalus, who no other man could tame, when he was a boy. This horse became his, and he rode Bucephalus for most of his†¦show more content†¦The body was sent to Darius’ mother for an honorable funeral, and the traitor Bessus was torn apart by trees. (July 330 BCE) 18. Alexander rested his army in Parthia, then continued on to Bacteria and conque red it. He fell in love with the princess there, Roxane, and married her. 19. Alexander the Great had conquered Persia at last. (328 BCE) D. Death 1. After Alexander’s best friend, Hephaestion, died of a fever (sometime between 324 BCE and May 323 BCE), he went nearly insane with grief. 2. Alexander crucified the doctor who had treated Hephaestion. 3. He ordered the manes and tails of all the animals in his army to be cut off as a sign of mourning. 4. Alexander tore down the walls of cities nearby. 5. He banned all music. 6. Alexander went into the country of the Cossaeans and for no reason completely massacred the entire nation. 7. He spent most of his time going over the plans for Hephaestion’s tomb, eventually traveling to Babylon to meet with the architects. 8. On his way to Babylon, local fortune-tellers prophesied that he would die if he entered the city. Alexander paid no attention, and continued anyways. 9. As he came to the city’s walls, he saw some cro ws fighting, and some fell by him. But even this (bad) omen couldn’t stop him. 10. Then a donkey kicked his largest lion to death, and one day a man was sitting in Alexander’s throne in a trance. Alexander then lost hisShow MoreRelatedAlexander the Great Essay 91181 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander the Great Alexander the Great was a king and conqueror. He is commonly referred to as â€Å"the most powerful leader of all time.† What is it that makes him such a powerful leader? What has he accomplished that has made him so significant? Were his accomplishments positive or negative? These are all questions that when combined as one create a debate that has been going on for decades. There are those who admire Alexander’s military achievements and ability to carve out the largest empireRead MoreAccuracy of Alexander in Oliver Stones Alexander (2004)1421 Words   |  6 PagesOliver Stone’s Alexander and it’s Accuracy in portraying Alexander the Great The 2004 film Alexander, directed by Oliver Stone, depicts the life of Alexander the Great. This essay will discuss the accuracy of Oliver Stone’s artistic vision in this depiction of Alexander’s life and achievements. The discussion will focus on: Alexander’s 7 year campaign, particularly its battles; his relationship with others, including his sexuality within the film; and the legacy Alexander and his armies leftRead MoreThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesdetriments associated with mass incarceration as it relates to offenders, and much more. In the introduction of her book, Alexander immediately paints the harsh reality of mass incarceration with the story of Jarvious Cotton who is denied the right to vote among other rights because he, â€Å"has been labeled as a felon and is currently on parole† (1). Other information Alexander presents in her introduction are her qualifications as an author of the book, and gives a brief summary of each chapter andRead MoreAlistair MacLeods No Great Mischief Essays1187 Words   |  5 PagesThe search for and importance of family and identity of the Calum Ruadh clan in Alistair MacLeods No Great Mischief is significant to the concept of blood being thicker than water. The importance of family, as indicated in No Great Mischief, is very apparent in regards to the main point of prominence in this deeply emotional Gaelic- Canadian tale. An idea that arises No Great Mischief[, is MacLeod’s ability to prove to the readers that it is impossible to talk about the Scottish-CanadianRead MoreEmory University Health Care System1707 Words   |  7 Pagesstrategies for Emory to continue giving great service. What Emory Is All About The following is an insight to Emory. Many mistake Emory Health Care System for the Soul purpose of Research and its University connection. Yes, Emory Hospital does excel in research but there is more that Emory offers to help its patients and community. - â€Å"Core Purpose: To Serve Humanity by Improving Health through integration of education, discovery and health care (Alexander, R. W. (2012, May) - Core Values: ExcellenceRead MoreFraming And Ratifying The Constitution1162 Words   |  5 PagesHamilton. The product of his frustration was Plan For Government. Consisting of eleven points marked by roman numerals, Hamilton outlines the beginning of an American democracy. While none of the systems from Plan for Government make it into the Constitution or are implemented in any way, there are themes that are still prevalent in government today.   Hamilton’s outline of government is for the people, but by the elite (Plan for Government). The Founding Fathers did not trust common people with theRead MoreHow Crime Affects The Community1536 Words   |  7 Pagesmore prosperous. Michelle Maiese outlines the process of this justice model in her article: Types of Justice, â€Å"Equity means that one s rewards should be equal to one s contributions to a society, while equality means that everyone gets the same amount, regardless of their input. Distribution on the basis of need means that people who need more will get more, while people who need less will get less.† (Maiese) For another great analysis, Maeise also outlines the allocations of the RetributiveRead MoreMental Health And Health Care974 Words   |  4 Pages Senate Bill Seeks Boost Access to Mental Health Care outlines the recent legislation that is being drafted in order to improve Mental Health Care services. Through The Mental Health Reform Act, various measures would be in place to address the growing Mental Health Care concern. The bill would, â€Å"update state funding, improve mental health practices, and increase access to mental health care† (Bowman Lesniewski). Senator Lam ar Alexander and Patty Murray, who are figureheads in the Senate HealthRead MoreThe Legacy Of American Sociology1433 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscusses how social structural variables caused the ghetto-derived cultural variables to exist. Over the years, race and segregation in America have mattered. From my perspective, it is considered one of the most concern sociological topics as it plays a great deal among our society. Garner and Hancock discussed how Wilson pulled threads of theory and research together so to inform with reader that racism, segregation, as well as joblessness had formed a cruel looking-glass for the urban poor. Not to mentionRead MoreThe Growth Of The Tissue723 Words   |  3 PagesJean-Pierre Timmermans, Nora De Clerck, Alexander Sasov, Christophe Casteleyn, Jeremy Woodward, Susana Lai-Yuen, Les A. Piegl. The Basement Membrane: Key to Reverse Engineering Biological Tissues. Computer-Aided Design Applications8.1 (2011): 59-70. Business Source Complete. EBSCO. Web. 24 October 2014. Article Summary: This article is about the effect of machine supported configuration of tissue structures on biomedical exploration. By controlling the outline of the organ structure a more proficient

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy And Exposure With Response...

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy And Exposure With Response Prevention In The Treatment Of Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder with psychological, physiological, developmental, and cultural components. The disorder is commonly characterized by binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, fasting, and the misuse of diuretics, laxatives or enemas. Patients properly diagnosed with bulimia nervosa endure many psychological and physiological problems. In order to alleviate these problems for the patient, usually some type of intervention is required. Considering the financial costs to the patient who seeks treatment, it is important to†¦show more content†¦Both methods have been proven to be significantly effective in reducing the symptoms of bulimia nervosa. Although immediate reduction of bulimic symptoms is beneficial to the patient, it is not indicative of recovery. For this reason, my analysis will consider the long-term outcome effects for each treatment method. My findings will influe nce which method I will recommend for the treatment of bulimia nervosa. COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY: MOST POPULAR METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF BULIMIA NERVOSA What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy In 1981, a researcher named Fairburn conducted the first study applying cognitive-behavioral therapy to the treatment of bulimia nervosa. In a recently published report by D. L. Spangler (1999), CBT is touted as â€Å"a well-developed, theoretically grounded treatment for bulimia nervosa with the strongest empirical support for its efficacy of any form of treatment for bulimia nervosa.† Today cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of therapy commonly used to treat patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). More specifically, CBT is normally structured as a series of interventions that addresses the cognitive aspects and the behavioral components of a particular disorder. The cognitive-behavioral approach is based on a theoretical view, which â€Å"holds the patients’ beliefs about weight,Show MoreRelated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa Essay2928 Words   |  12 PagesCognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Bulimia Nervosa INTRODUCTION Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating as well as by self-induced vomiting and/or laxative abuse (Mitchell, 1986). Episodes of overeating typically alternate with attempts to diet, although the eating habits of bulimics and their methods of weight control vary (Fairburn et al., 1986). The majority of bulimics have a body weight within the normal range for their height, build, and age, and yet possessRead MoreEssay Bulimia Nervosa1311 Words   |  6 PagesBULIMIA NERVOSA 307.51 (F50.2) Introduction Individuals diagnosed with bulimia nervosa undertake frequent binge eating, followed by expelling the food, typically by inducing vomiting, but also through exercising and the use of laxative agents, diuretics, and enemas (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The binge eating occurrences are often prompted by a negative perception of one’s body image, temporarily alleviated by the binge eating episode. Since the individual with bulimia nervosa is overanxiousRead MoreThe Case Of Laur Final Case Study Analysis2772 Words   |  12 PagesUniversity Abstract Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating with inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain. Cognitive Behavior Therapy and antidepressant drug therapy are treatment modalities that have shown promise with patients diagnosed with eating disorders, more so with Bulimia than with Anorexia, (Comer, 2014). In this case study analysis, a synthesis of researched outcomes-based treatment modalities is used to conceptualizeRead MoreAnnotated Bibiliography on Eating Disorders Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom a west cost university, who were all susceptible were chosen to participate in the study. They were randomly split into two groups, thirty in wait-list control, and thirty in intervention. The treatments occurred in three phases: improving eating behaviour, cognitive restructuring, and relapse prevention training, with synchronous and asynchronous support groups, homework assignments, and weekly summaries. The results of t his study showed that the intervention group had improved significantly overRead More annotated bibiliography on eating disorders Essay992 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom a west cost university, who were all susceptible were chosen to participate in the study. They were randomly split into two groups, thirty in wait-list control, and thirty in intervention. The treatments occurred in three phases: improving eating behaviour, cognitive restructuring, and relapse prevention training, with synchronous and asynchronous support groups, homework assignments, and weekly summaries. The results of this study showed that the intervention group had improved significantly overRead MorePositive Body Image Group Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagesdisturbance can be defined as a maladaptive internalization of an individuals weight, shape, and/or appearance, usually involving any combination of attitudinal, behavioral, and perceptual components (Bhatnagar, Wisniewski, Solomon, Heinberg, 2013). The attitud inal component consists of beliefs about appearance and body satisfaction, and the behavioral component consists of the frequency of behaviors related to management of weight or avoidance. Furthermore, the perceptual component consists of the levelsRead MoreCbt for Eating Disorder1998 Words   |  8 Pageseating behaviour and nutrition. The use of a cognitive therapy approach makes it feasible to directly explore and question common assumptions about the importance of weight and shape. Having aired these assumptions, clients can decide whether they wish to continue to espouse them, modify them, or replace them with alternative ones. At a deeper level too, the approach makes it feasible to address more personal issues regarding self-worth. So, while the therapy takes on board the task of tackling individualRead MoreEating Disorders Are Becoming More And More Prominent As The Years Go1923 Words   |  8 Pagesin the United States are becoming more and more prominent as the years go by. Up to 24 million people in the United States suffer from eating disorders (ANAD, 2015), according to a secondary source research by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders (ANAD), the oldest and the most prominent organization aimed at fighting various eating disorders in the United States. Prominently, eating disorders in adolescents continue to be a serious problem and may result in prematureRead MoreQuestions on Abnormal Psychology4701 Words   |  19 Pagesdisorders.   D.stress-related disorders. Answer Key:  A Question 8 of 50 1.0 Points Both dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue   A.are best treated using antidepressants.   B.involve loss of memory.   C.require lengthy therapeutic treatment.   D.require treatment by medication and surgery. Answer Key:  B Question 9 of 50 1.0 Points A few weeks ago, Marne experienced a sudden feeling of being removed from her body and observing herself sitting in class taking notes. This unusual experience hasRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesCOGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR OCD This page intentionally left blank COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR OCD DAVID A. CLARK THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London  © 2004 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved Paperback edition 2007 Except as noted, no part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical

Death Changes Everything Free Essays

Imogen is a thirteen year old girl. Her family consists of two older brothers, a dad called George, and a step-mother called Jenny. Her grandparents died, when she was a little, except a grandmother on her dads’ side of the family called Mary. We will write a custom essay sample on Death Changes Everything or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her mother also died. Now all she has is a picture which she looks at every morning when she wakes up and just before she goes to bed. Jenny is an evil step-mother. Like one of those from a fairy tale. She seems to love George but hates children and wants nothing to do with them. In front of George she acts kindly towards them and makes an effort to communicate but when he’s not around she just ignored them. Jenny is considered completely useless to the three kids. She sits at home watching television all day, she doesn’t bother to clean the house or cook and instead she hires a maid and pays her to do the job. This isn’t the type of mother role model that Imogen needs. She needs someone who could show her new things like teaching her how to cook complicated dishes for special occasions. Even though Imogen is well-behaved, she still needs a mother to go shopping with, to gossip with and have some mother, daughter time with. All these things could be done with friends but it’s different when it’s your mother. A mother gives advice that friends might not have experienced yet. George, Imogens’ father, plays a big role in her life. He’s a successful lawyer and Imogen takes him as her role model. George is a loving father who’s always there for Imogen, helping her to make the right choices in life, encouraging her to study just that little bit harder for exams. He’s not that big a role model for the boys as he is for Imogen but that’s because they have other things on their mind instead of working hard to get a good education. Perfect. That’s what Imogen is. She is a bright teenager with high ambitions of following her fathers’ footsteps in becoming a lawyer. She has big, blue eyes, long, wavy hair and is short but extremely mature for her age. She loves school as much as cats loves mice and her friends are reliable, trustworthy and support her through thick and thin no matter what happens. Tom and Adam were two charming boys who had a way with the ladies. They were good students right up to the point of puberty. Usually girls are the ones with mood swings, but not in this case. They started misbehaving in class, then skipping lessons and finally stopped going to school altogether. Now they, unlike their sister, hate school. When in school they do everything to get themselves out and when out drinking alcohol, taking drugs were only a few of the things they do. They never seemed to understand how their own blood could love school so much. Imogens grandmother Mary was, in Imogens opinion, the nicest grandmother that ever lived. She lives abroad in Spain but visits regularly. She’s loves all three children very much, she respects them and treats them like grown-ups. She is very healthy and lives life to the maximum, goes on holidays a lot, and is not scared of anything. Every time Mary visit’s the country and they go shopping, Mary buys Imogen anything she asks for. Every morning, Imogens house, starts off the same way. She wakes up to the sound of her annoying brothers arguing with Jenny about how she doesn’t have to act nicely in front of George and make them breakfast but this Monday morning she woke up to the sound of rain tapping at her window. She jumped out of bed, kissed her mothers photo, got washed and put her school uniform on. Walking down the stairs she noticed Jenny trying to make breakfast, with no complaints from the twins. That was because she was making pancakes and George was there watching his sons every move. She sat down next to Adam and as he turned around to ask Jenny for more food, he knocked over the glass of orange juice that was beside him, making it spill all over Imogens’ school skirt. Walking back up the stairs to her bedroom, she slipped and bumped her knee onto the hard flood. She got up slowly and crawled to her bedroom. Rummaging through her closet she tried to find her other skirt. Realising it was in the laundry basket she walked over, got it out and put the malodorous skirt on. â€Å"That’s disgusting!† said her twin brothers as they walked past her bedroom â€Å"It’s not that dirty!† she lied The skirt wasn’t literally dirty it just smelled. To take the smell away she went into the bathroom and smothered herself with perfume. Running back down the stairs she slipped and landed onto the side of her foot, hurting her ankle. Sitting on the floor thinking of how much pain was caused to her this morning she realised it was the start of a bad day. Looking up at the clock in the living room, it read quarter past eight. She was late. Today was the day of her first GCSE exam and Imogen wanted to get to school earlier than usual so that she could have enough time to go over the topics she wasn’t very confident with. Now, if she took the bus, it would be impossible. George had still not left for work. He was standing in the kitchen reading a newspaper and drinking coffee. Imogen ran up to him and kissed him on the cheek. â€Å"Good morning dad.† â€Å"Good morning honey,† he replied, â€Å"did you sleep well?† â€Å"Yes I did,† said Imogen, â€Å"can you take me to school by any chance?† â€Å"Of course I could† â€Å"Boys, get downstairs, I’m taking your sister to school and I might as well take you too!† he yelled upstairs â€Å"We’ll take the bus coz it’s too early for us to be leaving for school.† They shouted back â€Å"Fine, but don’t be late.† â€Å"We won’t be,† they replied with huge grins on their faces Imogens dad loves old cars and he himself had a 1986 BMW 635CSi. The car was safe but had a few flaws. The airbags didn’t work on the front passenger side and the seatbelts easily became unbuckled. George was never worried because he was a very safe driver and he could never give his car away. As soon as Imogen got in the car she put a book on her fathers lap and asked him to ask her some questions but he couldn’t because he was about to drive, instead he told her that he would when they stopped at a red traffic light. When they did he took the old book into his hands and started asking questions. Imogen gave a perfect answer to each and every question. Meanwhile, on the road opposite to theirs were a couple of drunken teenagers, joy riding. They didn’t notice that the red light was on and carried on driving. The driver lost control and the car started to skid on the wet ground and so ended up hitting Imogens’ car. The out of control car hit the BMW head on causing George’s seatbelt to unbuckle and he flew out the front window. Imogens airbag was broken but luckily her seatbelt didn’t unbuckle. An ambulance arrived and took them to the busy hospital. Imogen and George were rushed straight into surgery for they had suffered serious head injuries. Unfortunately none of the drunk teens were wearing a seatbelt and received serious injuries. They died before the ambulance got to the scene. Three weeks later, slowly opening her eyes, Imogen found herself in a hospital bed surrounded by family and friends. â€Å"What happened to me? Why am I in a hospital? Asked Imogen â€Å"Imogen, this is really important, what’s the last thing you remember? Asked the nurse â€Å"I remember my dad was taking me to school. Then we stopped at a traffic light and he was asking – where is my dad?† When the doctors operated on Imogen, they did the best they could, her injuries where bad and the doctors were not sure whether or not she would be able to remember everything when she awoke from the coma. â€Å"I don’t know how to tell you this, but your father-† said the nurse â€Å"I’ll tell her,† interrupted Mary, Imogens grandmother, â€Å"your father died the day you were rushed into hospital. The surgeons did everything they could but they just weren’t able to stop the bleeding† By the time she finished the sentence both of them were in tears. Mary went up to her favourite grandchild and put her arms around her. â€Å"It’s my entire fault, grandma, it’s my entire fault!† Imogen repeated, â€Å"I know it is, I asked him to drive me to school, if he hadn’t got in the car to take me to school, he would still be here! It’s my entire fault! Now we have no one to look after us, and I’ve missed my GCSE exams. It’s my entire fault!† â€Å"You still have Jenny to look after you and I called the school to explain the situation, they said you can retake them when you get back† Imogen stayed in the hospital for another week under monitoring. Her friends visited and so did her brothers. The week went past very slowly. Everyday, all she did was lay in bed, watch television, walk around a bit and then go back to bed. There were no children there her age and she didn’t want to talk to elderly people. Imogen received beautiful bouquets of flowers and tasty chocolates from family but she didn’t want any of it, she just wanted her caring dad by her side, helping her through this. When Imogen got out of the hospital her brothers took her home. Jenny was in the living room watching television. â€Å"Welcome home!† exclaimed Jenny Imogen just ignored her and went straight up to her bedroom. The next few days were a blur. Imogen stayed in bed most days mourning and crying over all the memories she had with her father. Every time she saw a picture of him she burst out into tears. The words: ‘It’s my fault, why did it have to happen, what did he do to deserve this, it was my bad day!’ kept running though her mind. Even when she slept, she had horrifying nightmares about the crash; she pictured her dad on the operating table, while she was behind glass unable to help him. She needed help, support, encouragement to get her back to normal, but with a step-mother like Jenny, that would be impossible. The first day she went to school her brothers left her at the gate. Looking at the school from a distance she realised that she wasn’t ready to go in. Instead she followed her brothers to where they went. Tom led the way while Adam followed behind like a dog on a leash. During the journey, Tom and Adam went into, what looked like an abandoned house, when they came out Tom carried a small, plastic bag full of white pills. He put them in his pocket and walked on. They came to a lighthouse looking building which was surrounded by a high fence. On the fence was a warning sign which read ‘No unauthorised person’. The light house was covered with horizontal red and white stripes and a long, unstable, wooden ladder reached the ground from the top. The two brothers approached the lighthouse. Imogen stared at the building. It was very unusual for a lighthouse not to be near the ocean. While staring she carried on walking and stepped on a piece of loose metal lying on the floor. â€Å"What are you doing here? Asked Adam â€Å"I wanted to know were you were going. I could go back if you want.† â€Å"Yes, go back!† he shouted â€Å"No,† insisted Tom, â€Å"she doesn’t know the way back and what if she gets lost. Just let her come up with us, what’s the worst that could happen?† Tom went up the unstable ladder first, then went Imogen and last of all came Adam. Climbing up the ladder Imogen tried not to look down. As they neared the top of the lighthouse, strange voices could be heard. At first it sounded like there were only few people talking but as Imogen went higher up the ladder she started to hear more and more voices. â€Å"We’re here† announced Tom as they reached the top. â€Å"Finally,† one boy said, â€Å"what took you so long?† â€Å"It’s a long story;† answered Adam â€Å"but our little sister is here with us,† All the people sitting on the dirty lighthouse floor turned and looked at Imogen. â€Å"How old is she?† a girl asked Tom â€Å"I’m nearly 14† she answered her. â€Å"Isn’t that a bit young?† she asked Tom again This time he answered her: â€Å"Well how old were we when all of this started?† â€Å"True, true. Good point.† Tom and Adam went around the lighthouse giving each person a couple of the white pills. Imogen went around to all the people, looking at what they were doing. To her it looked like they were drinking alcohol, swallowing the white pills and smoking weed. â€Å"What are the white pills and what do they do?† Imogen asked a little girl sitting in the corner sticking a white tablet in her mouth. â€Å"They’re called ecstasy and they make me feel a whole lot better then I did this morning† answered the girl â€Å"I want some† requested Imogen â€Å"Sure,† said the girl, â€Å"but tell your brothers to get me an extra one, for next week.† The little girl was younger then Imogen but she looked worn-out and like she hadn’t eaten in weeks. For a few short seconds after swallowing the tablet Imogen felt nothing, then minutes later the action kicked in. She felt ecstatic. Like nothing could ever go wrong. Then taking a sip of a transparent drink, she felt dizzy but relaxed. Finally, when she inhaled the weed she felt like all her problems and worries vanished and she was in a completely different world. School or education didn’t matter. In this world she felt like she could do anything, even fly. Everyday, instead of taking Imogen to school, her brothers took her with them to the lighthouse. This carried on for weeks until Stephanie, the little girl that gave Imogen the weed, ecstasy and alcohol, had a heart attack. Lucky for everyone there, she had no family, so all they had to do was bury her in the cemetery at night. This was too much for Imogen. The death of the little girl made her remember the death of her dad. She realised that taking drugs, smoking and drinking alcohol wasn’t the way to deal with death. She had to face death and just get over it. â€Å"I’m not going to come here with you any more,† Announced Imogen. â€Å"Why not?† asked her brothers â€Å"Because what your doing is bad for your health and what point are you trying to prove by drinking, drugs and smoking?† There is no point to prove, it makes us feel good and you should know, you’ve tried it for yourself and you know the pleasure it gives you.† â€Å"There’s no pleasure in this if there is a risk of dying. I will give up.† â€Å"It’s not as simple as it sounds. You go through a lot of pain when you try to give up. Are you sure you’re ready?† asked her brothers â€Å"I will give up, I don’t want to die like little Stephanie did. The only reason I started this was because I couldn’t get over dads death and I didn’t get any support from anyone, but me dying isn’t going to make anything better either.† â€Å"Tomorrow you’re going to end up coming back with us,† warned Adam â€Å"No,† Imogen said, â€Å"Tomorrow will be another day.† Stopping wasn’t difficult. Imogen went through the normal process of withdrawal symptoms; aches and pains, sweating, shaking, headaches and cravings for the drug, but thinking about her father’s and Stephanie’s death helped her to pull through. How to cite Death Changes Everything, Papers

Marlowe Monologue Essay Summary Example For Students

Marlowe Monologue Essay Summary A monologue from the play by Josephine Preston Peabody NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Marlowe: A Drama in Five Acts. Josephine Preston Peabody. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1901. BAME: I saw thee first, Ay, from the first day when you cheated them With tales of old acquaintance, and made fond, And charmed the eyes of her, and took her heart, But for a whim. Oh, I was not far off! Tho\ you had made me a butt before them all, And turned her favor from the laughing-stock. Nothing to you it was! All other folk, Their homes, so many ant-hills! All the world A show for you, a cheaper show than yours; A pageant wagon,with the people, here, And overhead, their angels and their God, Another show! And you to laugh at all. Laugh, laugh! Whatever \t was, \t is all gone by, Never to laugh at more. But I can tell you, Oh, I can tell you, now it is too late, That she was pining for you. Now she\s wed. Alison\s gone! You will not have her now. Ah, now you are no more to her than I! The spell is broken. She would see you now But what you area strolling devilry, A knave and blasphemer, Athiest! So. You have heard it all. The wheel turns, and it shall grind thee too! Thou wilt not have her.

Great Gatsby And American Dream Essays - The Great Gatsby

Great Gatsby And American Dream In the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the author incorporates the aspect of the American Dream to develop the story. The American Dream's goals embody the story to show how one can attempt to put effort into accomplishing one's aspirations in life. Throughout the novel, Fitzgerald gives various examples of different characters so called American Dream. Some characters are able to achieve their goal and others are not able to accomplish their goal. From beginning to end Fitzgerald shows how this concept of the American Dream is accomplished and failed by the characters in the story line. Daisy and Tom are two characters whose dreams portray to be wealthy and to be in control of things. Tom throughout the story acts brutal and tries to control everything. For example, Nick describes him as: "It was a body capable of enormous leverage?a cruel body. His speaking voice, a gruff husky tenor, added to the impression of fractiousness he conveyed"(11). Nick's description of Tom shows his stature of a bully and that how he maybe able to get things done. Then later in the story Tom does another thing, which shows his resemblance of this type of behavior: "?Daisy! Daisy! Daisy!" shouted Mrs. Wilson. "I'll say it whenever I want to! Daisy! Dai?.' Making a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand"(41). In this confrontation, he does not get mad at her because she is chanting his wife's name but just to show that who is in charge and that no one is above him. Tom by being in charge gets pleasure and enjoys it very much. Tom and Daisy's dream is also to stay wealthy and in a very high social standing. Throughout their life, they are very well off. They live in the East Egg which is the egg with the many millionaires and prosperous people. The way they act all through the novel shows that they are comfortably, living and they have nothing to worry about. Nick describes Tom: "His family were enormously wealthy?even in college his freedom with money was a matter for reproach?but now he'd left Chicago and come east in a fashion that rather took your breath away: for instance he'd bought down a string of polo ponies from Lake Forest" (10). Nick also describes Daisy: "She laughed again, as if she said something very witty" (13). Then she also shows her easy life when she says: "?I've been lying on that sofa for as long as I can remember'" (15). Tom and Daisy thoroughly attain their dreams and are very successful in achieving them. Another character's dream which is illustrated is George Wilson. His dream is to obtain wealth and prosperity. He shows this during this meeting with Tom: "?Hello Wilson, old man,' said Tom, slapping him jovially on the shoulder. ?How's business?' ?I can't complain,' answered Wilson unconvincingly. ?When are you going to sell me that car?'" (29). As one can see that Wilson is not very well off and that he is very desperate to earn some money. Another part of his dream is that he wants to please his wife since he loves her so much. This is why he wants to earn money so badly. He shows her love for her when he says: "?I have a way of finding out'" (166). This part was regarding when Myrtle, George's wife, dies and he is really angry. The way he says this implies that he wants revenge for his wife's death. Unfortunately his dream has a downfall since a little while later after killing Gatsby he does this: "It was after we started with Gatsby toward the house that the gardener saw Wilson's body a little way off in the grass, and the holocaust was complete" (170). George Wilson tried to hard to acquire his dream, which lead to his downfall. The central character of the story, Jay Gatsby, has a dream that through wealth and power he can attain Daisy his real dream. He is trying to acquire Daisy back since at one time, they had had a love affair, and he loved her very much. Unfortunately at that time he was not in the same social class as her so, he had to amass a fortune. Once he acquires this wealth, he moves near to Daisy: "?Gatsby bought that house so that Daisy would be just across the bay '" (83), and throws extravagant parties, hoping by chance she might show up at one

Choose the Career According to Your Preferences

Choose the Career According to Your Preferences Why to Apply for Jobs You’re Not Qualified For Whatever you do, you should do it with pleasure! People tend to overlook simple ways that lead to happiness and ignore the huge influence that the grind has on our life. One of the crucial elements of the happy existence of each human is a devotion to the everyday duties, which comprise one very important component the job. Some of us choose to accept the unsatisfying situation and go with the flow, whereas others strive for changes now matter how intimidating those changes might seem. If youve noticed that your job doesnt make you feel good, is not your cup of tea anymore or you are dreaming about a far-fetched position that you think you are not qualified for, its a high time to act and get the job you want! We live in a job-hunting world, where no one has a right to surrender because of the lack of self-confidence. Its your turn to land your dream job, and its our duty to show you how to get a good job no matter what. Examine the job Before you apply for the job that, at fists sight, has nothing in common with your previous experience, understand the mechanism of its work, pay attention to the specific requirements and only then judge whether it is worth trying. After you examine the job attentively, youll be surprised to figure out that most employers state the same or very similar demands and responsibilities. The thing you should work on is figuring out how to transfer the skills youve acquired to the specific sphere. Think of how to put in practice what you already can do. Use clear language There is a false assumption that most people follow, which is the bigger amount of sophisticated words, complicated abbreviations and terms my resume would contain, the better impression it would make. In reality, your resume should be clear and relative to the position you are applying for. Cut down on any vocabulary that would be hard to understand for your employer while reading your resume. Make an impression with the help of detailed description of your skills thanks to which their company will benefit. Have a positive attitude As the vocabulary you use in your resume, your mood plays an important role, too. Avoid usage of uncertain constructions that would show you indecision and hesitation. Think of your strong sides and provide the employer with profound reasons to hire you rather than waste time on one more vacillating candidate. Flatter a bit, but not too much You have already examined your position and know the companys ups and downs. Show your employer that you are interested in the companys development, its achievements and failures and would be happy to contribute if you had such a possibility. A bit of flattering and attention wouldnt harm. However, dont overdo it! At the end, we would like to remind you that you are the sole person responsible for your limits. Enough self-confidence works wonders! Be self-confident and be happy!

Global Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global Business Strategy - Essay Example Globalization of firms of all sizes and from a variety of industries is a watch word which must be reckoned with in today’s competitive world markets. To be successful a company should have a, a consumer – oriented approach and should understand customer needs worldwide, along with a comprehensive global business strategy As the world becomes smaller and smaller, it is becoming more and more evident that business firms will increasingly face stronger competition. The purpose of utilizing different types of business strategies on a global scale is to increase the firm’s ability to produce a higher quality product at a lower cost on a world scale. A global business strategy usually comprises of a global product and a brand name, presence throughout the world market. The production activities of the business also will be located worldwide so as to gain maximum advantages, co – ordination of strategies and activities.The global business strategy must be based on standardization of product, branding and advertising. Globalization and business From the perspective of business, interest in globalization centers on two major facts; globalization of markets and globalization of supply chain. The globalization of markets suggested that technological change, social, political and economical development have, in recent decades driven the world towards a ‘global village’ or ‘converging commonality’ – a homogenized unified global market in terms of consumer taste and product preferences. While there is strong evidence that many markets are becoming increasingly global in certain aspects, an approach to strategy that concentrates almost exclusively on standardization and costs represent an oversimplification of the situation. The global environment is becoming increasingly complex and requires more sophisticated approach to strategy.† As per (Ali, 2000, pg.8) â€Å"Global corporations should treat globalizati on as a view and outlook that broadens and energizes human mind and perspectives† As the market become global, consumers are becoming more sophisticated, demanding products that are differentiated rather than standardized. A further complexity is that globalization is not confined to simply to consumer markets but also relates to the global scope of all of organizations’ business operations and its ability to compete on a global scale. Global business strategy is an approach to strategy that embraces the worldwide scope of organizations activities, a view that the whole world is a potential market. Globalization has given business the opportunity to configure its activities so as to take account of vocational and other advantages arising from difference in resources, skills and economic conditions in different parts of the world. The Concept of Strategy with Relate to Business Strategy concerns organizational learning about the business and its environment and the devel opment of knowledge that produces core competences which position the organization favorably with regard to the variable in the environment. Strategic management is comparatively young discipline and, in consequences, there is considerable debate over which approach manager should adopt in devising their strategies. Strategic management is the ongoing process companies use to form a vision, analyze their external environment and their internal organization, and select one or more strategies to use the

The importance of Interactive Whiteboard Assignment

The importance of Interactive Whiteboard - Assignment Example Interactive whiteboards are an effective way to interact with technology and multimedia in an organization or institute where there are a variety of people with different backgrounds and learning capabilities. The interactive whiteboards help the teachers in portraying things more effectively than any other means. They are not limited to some extent in describing things; in fact they present the learning materials that are more adaptable by the students (Billiard, 2002). They do not rely on the manipulation of words and pictures, nor are limited to making notes in digital ink like the ones used in the case of projectors; they avoid the hassle of saving notes for later reviews, viewing websites in groups, demonstrating software without being tied to a computer, and showing students’ presentations. They use presentation tools such as software, hardware etc. that are included with the whiteboard software to enhance the learning material outlook. This makes interactive whiteboards a must for most of the educational institutions especially for those which tend to provide education to primary level classes. (Jonassen & Peck, 1999). Most people need to ask other questions in order to reinforce their understanding. This makes learning an inherently social activity, in which everyone is involved from teachers to fellow students. Interactive whiteboards help this sort of teacher-student learning where everyone learns on their own (Billiard, 2002). Context It is important to educate students who study in higher education particularly in childhood departments. The early education plays the key role in the life of children. It is the time when children learn to their fullest. They adopt everything that is taught to them. In this way, childhood is an important stage of a person’s life (Bryant & Hunton, 2000). Whatever he has learnt in that phase of life, he will exhibit it in his whole life. Child development refers to the changes that occur as a child grows an d develops to bring sound changes in himself (Armstrong et al, 2005). The changes are related to physical health, mental health, social competence and ability to learn everything. The early childhood is fundamentally important. These years are the ones when children’s minds, growth, development, and learning capabilities are shaped (Foshay, 1999). Later in life, this assists the child in learning from school, home and communities. Recent research indicates that the early childhood is vital for the development of the child’s brain and in shaping the child’s brain architecture. The experience gained at that time provides foundation for the brain acceptance of learning, development, and functioning throughout their life. The experience gained also has a direct effect on the social, mental and learning abilities (Bryant & Hunton, 2000). There are many ways in which technology can be used. The technologies that are making students learn something can be employed by e ducational institutions (Hurst, n.d.). This includes technologies that communicate to the students with the help of new medium. The students can be provided with graphical presentations of concepts and learning material. By introducing computers and technologies of these types, learning can be made more effective (Pagett & Shenton, 2007).

The living conditions and general environment of the Japanese American Research Paper

The living conditions and general environment of the Japanese American internment camps during World War II - Research Paper Example fter investigation of the bombing provided no concrete evidence of sabotage by the Japanese Americans, the heads of the war department concluded that the Japanese were organized and would not hesitate to put forth an attack at any given favorable moment. Thus the recommendation by the commanding officer, General DeWitt, to relocate the Japanese residents was approved without any further enquiry. An order was passed calling for mass evacuation of all those who were of Japanese descent by the Justice Department, which however, did consider the evacuation to be unnecessary and unconstitutional but had to give in to the views expressed by those in power. Being an election year and also faced with the uncertainty of a war and for want of support from the people, the then President, Franklin Roosevelt signed the Executive Order 9066 on February, 1942, which ordered the army to exclude any one form areas designated by the military. The order never mentioned that people of Japanese descent b e excluded or interned, but was however, used only against them (Exploring the Japanese American internment; Japanese Internment). Thus the signing of the order was the starting point for one of the largest ever migration in world history and the evacuation of more than 110,000 Japanese Americans from the West Coast began in early spring that year (Exploring the Japanese American internment; Japanese Internment; Historical Overview; World War II; Relocation). A mass removal of such magnitude took place over a short time between the months of March to November, 1942 (Exploring the Japanese American internment; World War II). The people were not told why they were subjected to such hardships, no charges were leveled against them and they did not know where they were relocated. Families were told to sell their properties within a short notice period and told to carry minimum household belongings required for daily living. The families were given number tags and it was with such an

The History And Background Of Positivism Philosophy Essay

The History And Background Of Positivism Philosophy Essay French philosopher Auguste Comte (1798 ~ 1857) has been known as the father of modern discipline of sociology and founder of positivism theory. Even though his popularity has seen a declining trend in the past several decades, nevertheless he was very popular until the beginning of 20th century. His thought was so popular that the Latin American country, such as Brazil and Mexico made Comtes thought as their national motto. The Brazilians are still proud of Ordem e Progresso (Order and Progress) embossed on their national flag. The followers of Comte were equally active in England, America, Turkey and other parts of the world. Comtes views on the concept of positivism have been explained in his book The  Course on Positive Philosophy  (1830-1842) which spreads over six volumes. The original French has been translated by Harriet Martineau into English which is titled as  The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte. The first three volumes of the Course primarily deals with already existing physical sciences, like mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology and the next two volumes in succession explains about social science, as the next logical science after the physical sciences. He observed the phenomena of circular dependency between theory and observation in physical sciences which helped him to reach to the conclusion that the science of society is no different from other natural sciences. Comtes View on Evolution of Humanity One of the most important pillar on which the positivism philosophy stands is the general law of the three stages. By advocating the law of the three stages, Comte explains that, in its quest for truth the society passes through three successive evolution phases. Here Comtes idea has striking similarity with Karl Marxs view of a human society peaking with a utopian socialistic class-less society. However, it is not surprising as both Marx and Comte were highly influenced by the famous utopian sociologist of the time, Henri de Saint Simon, who was also the mentor of Comte for some time. The law of three stages states that in the natural process of evolution of the society, the humanity goes through three stages: the theological, the metaphysical and the positive. The theological stage is the necessary starting point in the evolution process of mankind, whereas the positive state is the natural stage where humanity ought to be and the intermediary metaphysical stage is a transitory phase necessary for the transition from the first to the third stage. In the theological stage, the human society was completed based on divine ideas and humanitys whole hearted belief in all things in reference to the God. During this stage, instead of relying on its rational ability to seek truth behind human existence, the humanity completely accepted the principles of the place of worship. In terms of material development of humanity, this stage corresponds to the rise of militarism. During the metaphysical stage of human evolution, in its quest for the causes of natural phenomena, humanity explained them as the result of the supernatural interventions and abstract entities. According to Comte, this stage corresponds to the time since the Enlightenment till the aftermath of French Revolution and the most important feature of this period is respect for the universal rights of humanity. He believed that there are certain rights inherent to humanity which must be respected. This is the phase when various forms of governances rose and fell, all with the primary of objective of safeguarding the rights inherent to humanity. The natural process of human evolution culminates with the scientific or the positive stage when human mind no longer seek the causes for various natural phenomena, instead it limit itself to various scientific laws governing them. The primary belief of this stage is that individual rights are the supreme and humanitys ability to govern itself in its free will is what makes this stage different from other stages. According to Comte, these three stages are the fundamental rules upon which the society and its development are based. All the three stages must be completed in successive manner and without the complete understanding of the former; the later cant just come into existence. According to Comte, understanding the past is very critical because only through the thorough understanding of the past the future could be built and the transition from proceeding stage to the next one would be possible. So the concept of continuous progression or social evolution was the main theme of the concept of positivism. Further, he believes that the history of one science is of no use unless it is used for the study of the development of humanity as whole. So in nutshell the social evolution theory presented by Comte is of the opinion that humanity passes through different stages through which it acquires intellectual advancements and the whole process culminates with the positive or the scientific stage. However, Comtes social evolution theory is flawed due to one basic reason. That is the final positivist stage assumes attainment of complete understanding about the universe by the humanity which is impossible in reality. Because humanity continues using the existing scien tific knowledge to know more and more and the process never ends. In that sense, humanity can never attain the so called positivist stage when there is nothing left for the humanity to know. Comtes View of the Classification of Sciences Apart from the three stages of social evolution of humanity, the 2nd most important pillar on which the theory of positivism rests on is the classification of sciences. In the first three volumes of The Course on Positive Philosophy, Comte has thoroughly examined the five fundamental sciences mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology and has classified in that sequence. Comte is of the view that each discipline is closely related to the preceding one and the complete development of the former gives birth to the later. After the complete development of the natural sciences, then came the queen science, which is Sociology. He has dedicated the remaining two volumes of the Course to sociology, which according to Comte is the culmination of all sciences. The natural sciences had to come first, so that humanity could use the knowledge of other sciences toward the most complex science of sociology. The classification of the sciences has been done in a manner of shifting from simplicity toward complexity. Mathematics is the simplest among all the sciences, in the sense that it is objective oriented with absence of subjectivity and at the extreme end there is sociology, which is highly subjective making it the most complex. Moreover, if we look at the historical aspect of the development of these disciplines, astronomy requires mathematics, similarly chemistry requires physics. In other words, development of each science requires the knowledge of the preceding discipline and the full-fledged development of the former leads to the development of the later. However, according to Comte, other branches of science, like zoology, botany, etc. are simply not science because they are yet to develop completely to be called as science. As Peter Halfpenny says in his book, Positivism and Sociology à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦positivism is a unity of science thesis, according to which all sciences can be integrated into a single natural system.  [3]  Not to mention that among the various classifications of sciences proposed till date, the classification as advocated by Comte is still very popular all over the world. Comte was not the first individual to think about the scientific study of social phenomena. He was highly influenced by the ideas devised by Hume, Kant and his mentor Saint-Simon for new philosophy of positivism. However, there is no doubt that Comte broadens and systematized the study of sociology to great extent. The Social Physics as he called it first, sociology was divided into two main areas, social statistics and social dynamics. While the first branch concerns about the forces keeping the society together, the later mainly concentrates on causal aspect of social changes. In his later career, when he was criticized by scholars like J.S. Mill as the bad Comte (in contrast to the good Comte during his first phase of his career), came up with the idea of ideal positivist society based on altruistic ideals in his System of Positive Polity. He established Religion of Humanity with the intellectual sociologists as its priests. He was of the opinion that in the industrially developed positivist society, the actual administration would be in the hands of businessmen, the sociologists would be guide and model of public morality and finally the women would be entrusted with the task of maintaining private morality. He has been severely criticised for going against his law of three stages, by moving towards a theological ideology by establishing a new religion. Moreover, his support of elite administration and indifference towards democratic set-up, etc. are also target of criticism. Nevertheless, Comtes view of sociology as the study of human society and positivist methodology of social research still remains his remarkable contribution. As Frederic Harrison commented in his 1901 article that Positivism at once a philosophy, a polity and a religion all three harmonized by the idea of a supreme Humanity, all three concentrated on the good and progress of Humanity.  [4]  In fact positivism is perhaps the only philosophy ever came with a complete set of principl es concerning social reorganization and religious observance. Post-Comte Positivism Comtes positivist philosophy became popular with the foundation of The Positivist Review by Emile Littre in 1867. The Whig writer Harriet Martineau translated many of Comtes works into English, after which English followers of positivism increased. While George Elliot appreciated Comtes Religion of Humanity, Spencer was highly influenced by the positivist idea of to formulate his social Darwinistic philosophy. French social scientist Emile Durkheim, even though critical of many of Comtes positivist principles, his methodology to study sociology has its origin in Comtes positivism. Durkheim and Positivism Establishment of sociology as an independent branch of knowledge and academic discipline is the most important contribution of French social scientist Emile Durkheim. He is credited with establishment of first Department of Sociology in the University of Bordeaux in 1895. Though he rejected much of the ideas of Comtes positivism, he completely accepted that sociology is the continuation of the natural sciences and its study must be based on objectivity, causality and rationality. In his The Rules of Sociological Methods published in French in 1895, he clearly indicated two principles for sociology to be called as a science. Firstly, it must concern about a particular object of study (social facts) and secondly, an objective scientific method must be used for the study without prejudice and subjective judgment.  [5]  In his book Suicide (1897) Durkheim attempted to prove that Catholic Christians have a lower suicide rate than the Protestants, through collection of social facts, su ch as suicide rate and membership of different religious faiths and their statistical treatment. Collection of social facts, according to Durkheim is the fundamental objective of sociology. He believed Comtes scientific approach is not suitable to study human society, instead he felt the need for a different sociological scientific approach, for which he developed the concept of sui generis or the social facts to study the suicide trend based on cultural aspect. About the question of objectivity of the sociologist, he believed observation must be impartial and impersonal and hence social facts must be studied in relation to other social facts instead of in relation to the observer. Durkheims positivism has been criticised for oversimplification, because he refuted the Comteian idea of applying same scientific approach to study both natural as well as social sciences. Nevertheless, Durkheim is the founder of practical sociological research in its modern sense as we know it today. Anti-positivism In the beginning of the 20th century German sociologists started the concept of anti-positivist, which was of the opinion that social sciences and natural sciences are essentially different from each other epistemologically and hence the approach to study natural sciences cannot be applied to social sciences. On contrary to the Comteian objective approach, they proposed a subjective approach in order to study social phenomena. It was of the opinion that social scientists must reject the empiricism and scientific methodology in order to study sociology. This view was further developed by Max Weber who for the first time used the term anti-positivism. He subscribed to the positivist idea of sociology being called as a science because it confirms to the principle of causal relationship. However, he believed that society, being different from the natural world, must be studied using special tools and methods concentrating on humans and their cultural values and proposed critical analysis and verstehen methodology in order to study sociology. Karl Marxs theory of historical materialism and critical sociology, which was actually based on positivism, further boosts the anti-positivism movement. Logical Positivism Logical positivism, also known as neo-positivism or logical empiricism, is another philosophy with its origin in the Comteian positivism and it accepted empiricism or evidence from observation as indispensable in order to study social phenomena. But it also felt the need of a rational approach, because observation if not the only source of human knowledge. Logical positivism grew before the 1st World War by the members of the First Vienna Circle presided by Moritz Schlick. Logical positivists emphasized on public experimental verification rather than individual experience and completely refuted the idea of metaphysics, as it is not empirically verifiable, hence meaningless and believed that all worthwhile knowledge about the world must be codifiable in a single language common to all the sciences. The logical positivists idea of a codifiable single language came from Austrian- British philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, which advocated for a strong criterion of verifiability, was later criticised by Karl Popper, who proposed to replace the same with the criterion of falsifiability. Criticism of Positivism The positivism as conceived by Comte was criticized on several grounds. First, Comtes viewed the positivist stage as the ultimate stage of human knowledge and once achieved, it will continue to be that. However, he could not foresee that scientific knowledge will lead to further growth in scientific knowledge, inventions and discoveries and in that sense humanity may never achieved that ultimate positivist stage at all. In fact, H. B. Acton goes on to the extent of saying the possibility of a Fourth Stage of human knowledge.  [6]  Similarly Anthony Giddens observed Comtes theory as circular that since humanity constantly uses science to bring new things, so humanity never goes beyond the second metaphysical stage.  [7]   Moreover, positivism has been criticised by several philosophers on the grounds of its practicality, methodology and religious aspects. Max Horkheimer, the Frankfort School director, criticised positivism, firstly it falsely represented human social action and secondly positivism being politically conservative proving as a hindrance towards political emancipation of humanity. The first criticism argues that, positivism ignored the role of the observer in the context of social reality and thereby ignores the truth that the so called social facts are in fact conditioned by social and historical realities. The representation of social facts is already determined by social and historical human consciousness. Secondly, he argued that political conservatism actually lead to status quo instead of challenging it. Horkheimer instead proposed critical theory which is reflexive in nature to understand about the extent of social reality represented by traditional positivistic philosophy as false .  [8]  Further, positivism has been criticised on philosophical grounds that it emphasized only on the sensory experiences or empiricism, but ignored the abstract ideas, laws and principles, which constitute a vital part of human knowledge. Nevertheless, positivism is still remains as an active concept in the present day. Comtes belief of sociology as the scientific study of human being is still accepted by all the modern sociologists.

Euthanasia and the Right to Die Essay -- Doctor Assisted Suicide

The Oxford English Dictionary defines euthanasia as â€Å"the action of inducing a gentle and easy death† (Oxford English Dictionary). Many people around the world would like nothing more than to end their lives because they are suffering from painful and lethal diseases; suffering people desperately seek doctors to help them end their lives. Many people see euthanasia as murder, so euthanasia is illegal in many countries. Euthanasia is an extremely controversial issue that has many complex factors behind it including medical costs, murder and liberty rights. Should people have the rights to seek euthanasia from doctors who are well trained in dealing with euthanasia? The bases for western knowledge, the Greek and Roman empires, usually supported euthanasia. Although they did not like giving â€Å"’a deadly drug to anybody, not even if asked for,’† by the patient, they preferred a gentle death as opposed to their patients suffering a miserable life (ProCon). It was not until the middle ages that euthanasia was actively opposed. In the middle ages the predominate religions of Europe were Christian and Judaism; these two religions did not approve of euthanasia because not only was suicide itself a sin, but the doctor who helped the patients would have committed the sin of murder. The three major religions that influence the world, Christianity, Islam and Judaism, all see suicide as a sin. These three religions have a major impact on the world today, so the trend of criminalizing euthanasia continued up into the modern era with euthanasia still being illegal in many parts of the world. The first law explicitly prohibiting euthanasia in the United States was enacted in New York in 1828 (ProCon). Since then many more states have outlawed ... ...2011. . Opposing Viewpoints."Introduction to Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints." Euthanasia. Ed. Carrie Snyder. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2000. Opposing Viewpoints. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 18 Nov. 2011. http://ic.galegroup.com.library.collin.edu/ic/ovic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?displayGroupName=Reference&disableHighlighting=false&prodId=OVIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CEJ3010134107&userGroupName=txshracd2497&jsid=af2eacb374dfea6a89c0773d16c35a50 Oxford English Dictionary. "Euthanasia." Def. 3. Oxford English Dictionary. Sept. 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2011. . ProCon. "Historical Timeline." Euthanasia - ProCon.org. ProCon.org, 28 Sept. 2010. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .

An Analysis of the Poem Dusting by Julia Alvarez

Sarah Winn 11/13/12 Literature Mrs. Wiggins â€Å"Dusting† Julia Alvarez In the poem â€Å"Dusting† written by Julia Alvarez, a young girl tries to leave imprints on the dusty objects in her house in which later are wiped away by her mother. ‘Each morning I wrote my name / on the dusty cabinet, then crossed / the dining table in script, scrawled / in capitals on the back of chairs, / practicing signatures like scales† (1-5) I believe that the author is trying to compare the young girl’s aspirations to her mother’s.In life, the girl wishes to leave her imprint on the world. Her goals are larger than life itself, and they refuse to break. No matter how often her mother wiped away the smudged fingerprints, they would always reappear. In the poem, the girls shows us how she â€Å"refused with every mark / to be like her, anonymous† (17-18). This statement shows us how the girl feels about her mother’s accomplishments.She believes tha t her mother achieved as much as anyone else; her mother’s achievements are almost transparent to her – anonymous. She can’t stand the thought of ending up like this, so day after day, she continues to leave her mark. As a child, your aspirations are wild. Many of us wish to accomplish more in our lives than our family members, especially some of our parents. At some point we all wish to be recognized as something bigger – something that no one has witnessed before.We have a need for appreciation. Ever since I was young, I’ve wanted to accomplish great things. I’ve hit setbacks in school and at home, but I’ve never let them break me. Even when I was little, whenever I received a good grade on an assignment or test, I would rush home to call my mom and dad to tell them. Seeing that look in their eyes that says â€Å"I’m so proud to call you mine. † Thats what gives a child the will to succeed. The will to never let those small fingerprints across the table disappear.

Social Science Theory and How it relates to Social Phenomena

Social Science Theory and How it relates to Social Phenomena The social sciences have adopted the scientific principles of natural or physical sciences such as mathematics for a long time. Social science perspectives rely on the scientific methods of natural sciences such as sampling, observation and other means in data analysis, data interpretation and chiefly, data collection.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Science Theory and How it relates to Social Phenomena specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social scientists use a social scientific perspective and social theories to hypothesize about the world around them and how it has an impact on society at large (Jones, 2003). It is therefore in the light of this that the topic of gender and mass media must be examined in detail to determine that it is of social importance to individuals, communities and society. The question therefore is how does the mass media influence gender perceptions? How has the mass media influenced ge nder perceptions? The question above has been a sociological issue for a long time. TV, newspapers and mostly the internet have various depictions of different genders and their social roles (gender stereotyping). The mass media also portray the female gender as sexual objects or as the weaker sex in general because it has become widely believed that it is so. From music videos to epic movies, women have been portrayed as the helpless weaklings who can only serve the purpose of catering to the whims of their male counterparts to the dancers who dance half-naked and in erotic manners as the men look on in bewildered amusement. For example, the Video Phone music video by Lady Gaga and Beyonce’ This is fast changing in this dynamic world where feminism, rights for women and emancipation of women is a common aspect of most of the modern world ( that is the First World Countries and the some developing countries).’ According to a research paper by McConnell (2008), the medi a also has a significant role in stereotyping along the lines of gender. She postulates that the media is a tool for perpetuating gender stereotypes that mostly target females. These ideas become so prevalent that they go without question and even force some people to adopt these characteristics that they believe are the required norm.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Movie characters, celebrities and sports personality have become the models of what the physical appearance of most women should be. It has even been extended to what they wear and how they wear it. Their works out regimes and diets have been splashed all over tabloids and reality shows as the â€Å"holy book† in weight loss programs or â€Å"having the perfect body. This can have such a negative impact on the feeble and malleable minds of most teens such that they begin to doubt themselves and ess entially starve themselves so that they can look like Angelina Jolie. This may have the disastrous effects of eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia and in the worst-case scenario, death. Men are not spared either. The ideal man should have the ideal body that is tan, tall, muscular or athletic and possess the ‘non-balding gene’. If a man does not achieve these requirements then he feels he may be doomed to loneliness as no one finds him attractive. The statistics of men having eating disorders and going for plastic surgery sessions is on the rise (McConnell, 2008). Our society is losing a sense of social perspective in this narrow view of physical measures of attractiveness. â€Å"By focusing too intensely on the physical, our society risks losing sight of the fuller sense of what people are, and what makes us truly beautiful† (McConnell, 2008). Social scientific methods in social sciences entail testing and proving hypothesis. â€Å"The basic technique of this method is called scientific observation, which is a precise systematic collection of data under controlled conditions by trained observers† (Perry Perry, 2003, p. 4) This question of media and gender can be analyzed scientifically through 3 research method problems: What data can be used to quantify the influence of media on gender especially in the portrayal of ideal types of physical attractiveness? The methods that can be adopted to provide data include sampling and experimentation on a group of impressionable youth. However, when it comes to distinguishing the applicable data, social scientists can opt to look at medical reports and statistics on the cases of eating disorders, plastic surgery and fitness regimes and work out plans as well as the dieting programs that are popular. The scientific analysis entails defining the problem as physical attractiveness in the media.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Science Theory and How it re lates to Social Phenomena specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Next, the hypothesis that these two are correlated is tested to be proven true by analyzing the collected data available on the topic. This is followed by drawing conclusions and recommendations based on the data through logical deductions of the the future holds for people with eating disorders and how media can change or elevate the numbers, and finally performing experimental tests on the medical data to affirm findings, predictions and conclusion (Moulton Schiferres, 1960). What is the reason for mass media perpetuating gender stereotypes and sexually objectifying women? The media usually perpetuates these views because when it comes down to it, â€Å"what the audience wants, the audience gets.† The media operates on what the audience wants to see because it generates rating which translate into money in advertising. The social scientific analysis involves defining how th e media thinks and its role of perpetuating stereotypes to achieve ratings. It can therefore be hypothesized that gender stereotypes are only prevalent because we indirectly allow it to permeate societal views by boosting ratings of stereotypical shows. The conclusion and recommendations based on the findings by logical reasoning can be made as to whether this will end if society stops glorifying these stereotypes as well. Lastly, an external researcher should retest the hypothesis through a series of experiments to determine the likelihood of this scenario (Scientific Method, n.d.). Why are men not targeted as much in the media or why are the perspectives towards them mostly positive? We mostly live in a patriarchal society. Most of the mass media do not sexually parade men on screens or magazines as objects. So why is media so imbalanced when it comes to the views of males? The researcher will identify the topic of media and gender bias. The next step is to formulate a hypothesis of the role of generational cultural beliefs on influencing perceptions of gender, which is verified through data analysis and collection. The researcher will use this hypothesis to make conclusions and recommendations about the how this could change in the future with the rise of feminism and lastly, the social scientific analysis will involve retesting of these hypothesis and predictions to ascertain that these facts are empirically true and are applicable to society (Zeiger, n.d.). Comparison of the research methods to those in the natural sciences In the natural sciences, the scientific method involves these four steps: Observing and describing the phenomenon or group of phenomena that encompass the subject matter. Formulating a hypothesis to explain the phenomena identified in step one. For example† in physics, the hypothesis often takes the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation† (Wolfs, n.d.). Using the hypothesis to predict the existence of other phenomena that relate to the subject, or to predict the results of new observations from a quantitative aspect. (McComas, 1998). Performing tests and retests of the phenomena observed through experiments. This is usually done by several independent experimenters and involves setting up proper experiments in a controlled environment (Wolfs, n.d.). According to Barrow (1991), the main aim of scientific analysis is the predictive power of the subsequent theory, which is the â€Å"ability to get more out of the theory than you put in.†Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the natural sciences, the aim is to provide empirical evidence of phenomena based on these methods also adopted in social scientific perspectives with the difference being in the subject of study (Godfrey-Smith, 2003). In the formulated questions above, the research methods include the scientific methods generally applied to the natural sciences. The four steps of identification of topic, hypothesis formulation and subsequent studies in form of sampling, conclusions and recommendations and finally availing research for testing is all an aspect of social scientific analysis. A social science method does not fully rely on the natural science method as it incorporates data that may not have been found to be empirically true such as interviews on the perspectives of sexual objectifying of women. The idea that rationality can be used in verification of the topic also shows that natural science scientific methods tend to rely on consensus on how to solve grey matters in the research su bject (Meyer, 1999). Reference List Barrow, J. D. (1991). Theories of Everything. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. Godfrey-Smith, P. (2003), Theory and Reality: An introduction to the philosophy of science, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Jones, P. (2003). Introducing Social Theory. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Blackwell. McComas, W. (Ed.). (1998). The Principal Elements of the Nature of Science:  Dispelling the Myths, The Nature of Science in Science Education (pp. 53–70). Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. McConell, M. (2008). Media and Gender Stereotyping. Retrieved from https://serendipstudio.org/local/scisoc/sports03/papers/mmcconnell.html Meyer, P. (1999). An Essay in Philosophy of Social Sciences. Retrieved from https://www.hermetic.ch/compsci/pss1.htm Moulton F.R. Schiferres J.J. (1960). (Eds.). The Autobiography of Science (2nd ed.). Garden City, NY: Doubleday. Perry, J.A. Perry, E. (2008). Contemporary Society: An Introduction to Social Science. Boston, MA : Allyn and Bacon. Scientific Method in Social Sciences. (n.d.). Web. Wolfs, F. (n.d.). Introduction to Scientific Method. Retrieved from http://teacher.pas.rochester.edu/PHY_LABS/AppendixE/AppendixE.html Zeiger, P. (n.d.). Scientific Method in Social Sciences. Retrieved from sdp.org/sdp/spirit/SocSci.htm

History of the Internet and Inventor Tim Berners-Lee

History of the Internet and Inventor Tim Berners-Lee Before there was the public internet there was the internets forerunner ARPAnet or Advanced Research Projects Agency Networks. ARPAnet was funded by the United States military after the cold war with the aim of having a military command and control center that could withstand a nuclear attack. The point was to distribute information between geographically dispersed computers. ARPAnet created the TCP/IP communications standard, which defines data transfer on the internet today. The ARPAnet opened in 1969 and was quickly usurped by civilian computer nerds who had now found a way to share the few great computers that existed at that time. Father of the Internet Tim Berners-Lee Tim Berners-Lee was the man leading the development of the World Wide Web (with help of course), the defining of HTML (hypertext markup language) used to create web pages, HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and URLs (Universal Resource Locators). All of those developments took place between 1989 and 1991. Tim Berners-Lee was born in London, England and graduated in Physics from Oxford University in 1976. He is currently the Director of the World Wide Web Consortium, the group that sets technical standards for the web. Besides Tim Berners-Lee, Vinton Cerf is also named as an internet daddy. Ten years out of high school, Vinton Cerf began co-designing and co-developing the protocols and structure of what became the internet. History of HTML Vannevar Bush first proposed the basics of hypertext in 1945. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, HTML (hypertext markup language), HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) and URLs (Universal Resource Locators) in 1990. Tim Berners-Lee was the primary author of html, assisted by his colleagues at CERN, an international scientific organization based in Geneva, Switzerland. Origin of Email Computer engineer, Ray Tomlinson invented internet-based email in late 1971.

Rules of writing a research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rules of writing a research paper - Essay Example The first source is a journal of authors Paris and Terhaar (2010). The source is basically a Peer reviewed article which provides the assurance the source is a credible one. The Journal in which the article was published was a nursing journal that was published in 2010. The paper was in fact a study that was carried out by Dr. Lisa Groff Paris and Mary Terhaar. Both the authors are certified nurses and have been working in the field of nursing for the past 20 and 30 years respectively (Paris & Terhaar, 2010). The authors of this paper observe the effect of Maslow’s Pyramid on nurses of different hospital. The article added to the literature there is on the retention of nurses in a particular hospital. Article 2 The second article to be reviewed was a peer reviewed article provided by Tenke et al. (2008). The source is again from a peer reviewed article therefore it can be considered as an authentic source. The article was published in a medical journal and not in a nursing jou rnal. The authors of the article were not nurses and had little to do with the field of nursing. However all the authors have written a number of peer reviewed medical articles. The Journal article made little contributions to the field of nursing as the article was more related to the field of medical and was more related to preventing catheter related infections. Article 3 The third article was peer reviewed article written by Willson et al. (2009). The article was published in a nursing journal in the year 2009. The paper used a quantitative study as an approach to assess the hypotheses that was suggested by the author in start of the paper. The authors of the paper were nurses who had an ample... This paper would review three sources that were used in the paper previously submitted. The first source is a journal of authors Paris and Terhaar (2010). The source is basically a Peer reviewed article which provides the assurance the source is a credible one. The Journal in which the article was published was a nursing journal that was published in 2010. The paper was in fact a study that was carried out by Dr. Lisa Groff Paris and Mary Terhaar. Both the authors are certified nurses and have been working in the field of nursing for the past 20 and 30 years respectively (Paris & Terhaar, 2010). The authors of this paper observe the effect of Maslow’s Pyramid on nurses of different hospital. The article added to the literature there is on the retention of nurses in a particular hospital.Article 2The second article to be reviewed was a peer reviewed article provided by Tenke et al. (2008). The source is again from a peer reviewed article therefore it can be considered as an aut hentic source. The article was published in a medical journal and not in a nursing journal. The authors of the article were not nurses and had little to do with the field of nursing. However all the authors have written a number of peer reviewed medical articles. The Journal article made little contributions to the field of nursing as the article was more related to the field of medical and was more related to preventing catheter related infections. The articles that were reviewed in this paper as a whole can be considered as credible sources.

The Global Future Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Global Future - Case Study Example This will present the company's strengths and critical issues which will impact the company's success in the new market. The report explains how Grapevine will use its capabilities to sustain and increase profitability. The report gives an overview of the organization's mission, vision and objectives and then explains the environmental factors which affect the business. The environment is scanned with using both the SWOT and PEST analysis. The results are used to identify key strategic areas for the company to focus on. Within the next five years Grapevine will be a leader in the market and will help clients grow and expand their businesses by providing innovative, reliable and effective marketing solutions. We will remain a financially firm company and work towards securing our employee and customer interests. Our company works towards providing consultation in addition to a complete range of cost effective marketing solutions for businesses that require rapid results to meet their market and financial goals. The analysis of the environment is essential for understanding the future potential of the organization and its business success ( Covello & Hazelgern, 2005). This section looks into the current and potential situation of the environment in which the company will operate. ... To be recognized as a leader in marketing consulting and communication services. To provide a complete range of innovative marketing services that meet customer needs To keep our overall goals and objectives in line with those of our clients To establish long lasting relationships with our clients To keep our overall mission, vision, objectives and values in line with those of our customers 3.4 Position Our company works towards providing consultation in addition to a complete range of cost effective marketing solutions for businesses that require rapid results to meet their market and financial goals. 4. Environmental Scan The analysis of the environment is essential for understanding the future potential of the organization and its business success ( Covello & Hazelgern, 2005). This section looks into the current and potential situation of the environment in which the company will operate. The first portion of the environment scan is the macro-scan which examines the environment at a broad level. The second portion is the micro-scan which analysis the situation at the organization level. 4.1 Part 1 Macro-scan 4.1.1 PESTEL Framework The acronym PESTEL stands for political, economic, social, technological, environment and legal factors. The PESTEL analysis is a framework that categorizes the environmental influences. This analysis describes how successful or profitable a business will be and how attractive it is for investment (Martin & Thompson, 2005). Political Situation The legislation in the host country market favors entry into the market particularly in case of licensing and franchising. However, the future of the legislation and the political situation of the country are